一(yi)、廢水來源

屠(tu)宰(zai)和肉類(lei)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)的(de)廢(fei)水(shui)主要(yao)產生在屠(tu)宰(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序和預備(bei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序。廢(fei)水(shui)主要(yao)來(lai)自(zi)(zi)圈欄沖(chong)洗(xi)(xi)、宰(zai)前(qian)淋(lin)洗(xi)(xi)和屠(tu)宰(zai)、放(fang)血、脫毛、解體、開(kai)腔劈(pi)片、清洗(xi)(xi)內(nei)臟(zang)腸胃等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序，油脂提取、剔骨、切割(ge)以及(ji)副(fu)食品(pin)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序也會排放(fang)一定的(de)廢(fei)水(shui)。此外，在肉類(lei)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)還(huan)有來(lai)自(zi)(zi)冷凍機(ji)房(fang)的(de)冷卻水(shui)，以及(ji)車間衛(wei)生設備(bei)、洗(xi)(xi)衣房(fang)、辦公樓和場內(nei)福利設施排放(fang)出的(de)生活污水(shui)等(deng)。

二、肉類加工(gong)廢水的水質(zhi)特征

肉類加工廢水含有大量的血污、油脂、油塊、毛、肉屑、內臟雜物、未消化的食料和糞便等污染物。外觀呈令人不快的血紅色，并具有使人厭惡的血腥味。此外，在肉類加工廢水中，還含有糞便大腸桿菌、糞便鏈球菌一級沙門氏菌等與人體健康有關的細菌，但一般不含有有毒物質。
肉類加工廢水所含污染物主要為呈溶解、膠體和懸浮等物理形態的有機物質，其污染指標主要有Ph、BOD、COD、SS等，此外還有總氮、有機氮、氨氮、硝態氮、總固體、總磷、硫酸根、硫化物和總堿度等。在微生物方面的指標為大腸桿菌。

三、肉類(lei)加工一體化污水處理(li)設備處理(li)工藝

肉類加工(gong)(gong)(gong)廢(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)屬易(yi)于(yu)生物降解的高懸浮物有(you)機廢(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui), 其水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量變(bian)化(hua)(hua)范圍較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)。一是(shi)具有(you)明顯(xian)的季節(jie)性, 其排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量在(zai)一年中(zhong)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)二是(shi)具有(you)非連續性, 在(zai)一日(ri)之中(zhong)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da), 時變(bian)化(hua)(hua)系(xi)數一般(ban)可達2.0以(yi)上。對(dui)該類廢(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的治理(li)(li), 均采(cai)用(yong)以(yi)生物法為主的處(chu)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi), 包括好氧(yang)(yang)、厭氧(yang)(yang)、兼(jian)氧(yang)(yang)等(deng)(deng)處(chu)理(li)(li)系(xi)統。活性污泥法是(shi)目前我國肉類加工(gong)(gong)(gong)廢(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)中(zhong)應用(yong)普遍且成熟的方法。其曝(pu)氣方式(shi)可采(cai)用(yong)淺層(ceng)曝(pu)氣、射流曝(pu)氣、延時曝(pu)氣、氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)溝等(deng)(deng)。而工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)是(shi)近幾(ji)年來在(zai)全球被廣泛認同和(he)采(cai)用(yong)的一種有(you)機污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)技(ji)術(shu),它(ta)集均化(hua)(hua)、初沉、生物降解、二沉等(deng)(deng)功能(neng)于(yu)一池(chi), 無污泥回流系(xi)統, 因此具有(you)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)簡單、占(zhan)地(di)面積少、投資省、抗沖擊負荷(he)強等(deng)(deng)優點。非常適合(he)肉類加工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業多為一班生產、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)和(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量波動大(da)的情況。

四、肉類加工(gong)一體(ti)化污(wu)水處理設備特(te)點

屠(tu)(tu)宰(zai)肉(rou)類加工污(wu)(wu)水處理設備(bei)是采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)玻璃鋼(gang)、碳鋼(gang)、不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)防(fang)腐(fu)結構，具有耐腐(fu)蝕、抗老化等優(you)良特性，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命長達30 年以(yi)上(shang);放置于地(di)(di)(di)表以(yi)下，設備(bei)上(shang)面(mian)的地(di)(di)(di)表可(ke)作為綠化或(huo)其他用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)，不(bu)(bu)需(xu)要建(jian)房及采(cai)暖(nuan)、保溫。大限(xian)度的實現了系(xi)統的集成，減少(shao)占地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積;無污(wu)(wu)染，無噪(zao)聲，無異味，減少(shao)二次污(wu)(wu)染;不(bu)(bu)受屠(tu)(tu)宰(zai)污(wu)(wu)肉(rou)類加工水量的限(xian)制(zhi)，機動靈(ling)活，可(ke)單個使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，也可(ke)多個聯合使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong);針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)性強，可(ke)有效去(qu)除屠(tu)(tu)宰(zai)肉(rou)類加工污(wu)(wu)水中的有機物以(yi)及氨(an)氮;整個屠(tu)(tu)宰(zai)肉(rou)類加工污(wu)(wu)水處理設備(bei)處理系(xi)統配(pei)有PLC全(quan)自動電(dian)氣控制(zhi)系(xi)統和設備(bei)故障報警系(xi)統，運行安全(quan)可(ke)靠，平時一(yi)般不(bu)(bu)需(xu)要專人管(guan)(guan)理，只需(xu)適時地(di)(di)(di)對(dui)(dui)設備(bei)進行維(wei)護和保養(yang)，管(guan)(guan)理費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)小(xiao)。

五、肉類加工一體化污水(shui)處理(li)設備(bei)適用范圍

適用于中小型宰(zai)(zai)雞、宰(zai)(zai)豬、宰(zai)(zai)鴨(ya)以及宰(zai)(zai)牛、宰(zai)(zai)羊(yang)等各種(zhong)屠宰(zai)(zai)肉(rou)聯企(qi)業，肉(rou)制品加(jia)工場。